{"id":1150,"date":"2016-05-24T16:48:38","date_gmt":"2016-05-25T00:48:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/?p=1150"},"modified":"2023-02-12T09:58:34","modified_gmt":"2023-02-12T17:58:34","slug":"probably-approximately-correct","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/2016\/05\/24\/probably-approximately-correct\/","title":{"rendered":"Probably Approximately Correct"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Book review: Probably Approximately Correct: Nature&#8217;s Algorithms for Learning and Prospering in a Complex World, by Leslie Valiant.<\/p>\n<p>This book provides some nonstandard perspectives on machine learning and evolution, but doesn&#8217;t convince me there&#8217;s much advantage to using those perspectives. I&#8217;m unsure how much of that is due to his mediocre writing style. He often seems close to saying something important, but never gets there.<\/p>\n<p>He provides a rigorous meaning for the concept of learnability. I suppose that&#8217;s important for something, but I can&#8217;t recall what.<\/p>\n<p>He does an ok job of explaining how evolution is a form of learning, but Eric Baum&#8217;s book <a href=\"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/2004\/12\/15\/what_is_thought\/\">What is Thought?<\/a> explains that idea much better.<\/p>\n<p>The last few chapters, where he drifts farther from his areas of expertise, are worse. Much of what he says there only seems half-right at best.<\/p>\n<p>One example is his suggestion that AI researchers ought to put a lot of thought into how teaching materials are presented (similar to how schools are careful to order a curriculum, from simple to complex concepts). I doubt that that reflects a reasonable model of human learning: children develop an important fraction of their intelligence before school age, with little guidance for the order in which they should learn concepts (cf. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Piaget%27s_theory_of_cognitive_development\">Piaget&#8217;s theory of cognitive development<\/a>); and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unschooling\">unschooled children<\/a> seem to choose their own curriculum.<\/p>\n<p>My impression of recent AI progress suggests that a better organized &#8220;curriculum&#8221; is even farther from being cost-effective there &#8211; progress seems to be coming more from better ways of incorporating unsupervised learning.<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;m left wondering why anyone thinks the book is worth reading.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Book review: Probably Approximately Correct: Nature&#8217;s Algorithms for Learning and Prospering in a Complex World, by Leslie Valiant. This book provides some nonstandard perspectives on machine learning and evolution, but doesn&#8217;t convince me there&#8217;s much advantage to using those perspectives. I&#8217;m unsure how much of that is due to his mediocre writing style. He often [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[26,22],"tags":[48],"class_list":["post-1150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ai","category-books","tag-evolution"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p80O1l-iy","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1150","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1150"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1150\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1154,"href":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1150\/revisions\/1154"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1150"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1150"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bayesianinvestor.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1150"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}